中文摘要：赤霉病(FHB)是小麦主要病害，在世界范围内广为研究。阿尔及利亚虽然广泛种植硬质和软质小麦，是面粉和面包的传统消费国，但该国研究尚未开展关于赤霉病的研究。该国也发现了镰刀根腐病。作者研究发现阿尔及利亚相关病害的主要病原体是大刀镰刀菌。本研究首次报导了当地半干旱生物气候条件下阿尔及利亚小麦品种对由大刀镰刀菌引发的赤霉病的易感性。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease of wheat that has been studied worldwide but never in Algeria where high quantities of both durum wheat and common soft wheat are grown and traditionally consumed as semolina and bread. Fusarium root rot has also been observed in this country. Here we show that Fusarium culmorum seems to be the major pathogen associated with these diseases in Algeria. The type of mycotoxins produced by four F. culmorum isolates and their capacity to confer the disease on spike and accumulate type B trichothecenes in the grain was evaluated. Two strains produced deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and zearalenone in vitro. The two other strains produced nivalenol and fusarenone X. The four strains were used for artificial spray inoculations on wheat spikes to determine their potential in generating FHB symptoms and accumulating mycotoxins in local field conditions. A panel constituted of four durum wheat and four soft wheat varieties generally cultivated in Algeria and of two newly created durum wheat lines were evaluated. The results show a correlation between the level of invasion of the grain and the quantity of accumulated toxins with a large diversity depending on the cultivars. Interestingly, two local durum wheat varieties and the two new durum lines showed a promising level of resistance to FHB with significantly lower trichothecene accumulation. The content in phenolic compounds of the different varieties was assessed and evaluated as possible factor of resistance to trichothecene accumulation. This is the first report evaluating the wheat varieties cultivated in Algeria for their susceptibility to Fusarium Head Blight caused by local strains of F. culmorum in semi-arid bioclimatic condition.
中文关键词：小麦；赤霉病；大刀镰刀菌；B型单端孢霉烯族毒素；品种；抗性
外文关键词：Wheat；Fusarium head blight；F. culmorum；Type B trichothecenes；Variety；Resistance
作者：Sihem Touati-Hattab；Christian Barreau；Marie-Noelle Verdal-Bonnin
作者单位：Amar Telidji University，Algeria
期刊名称：European Journal of Plant Pathology
期刊影响因子：1.494
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：8
点击下载：阿尔及利亚地区诱发小麦赤霉病的大刀镰刀菌致病性及其单端孢产物研究，以及小麦品种抗病性评价