中文摘要：引发镰刀菌穗腐病的真菌不仅会降低玉米的产量和质量，而且会造成粮食被伏马菌毒素污染。本文基于多环境测试的双列杂交分析混合模型，研究了热带玉米中伏马菌毒素抗性(FCR)的遗传特点。研究结果表明，对于新自交系培育而言，选择最佳母本可以围绕评估环境中的平均性能展开。由于SCA效应的重要性以及环境间的复杂作用，优势杂交种的选择应该在特定的环境中进行。
外文摘要：In maize, the fungi that cause Fusarium ear rot result not only in decreased grain yield and quality, but also grain contamination by fumonisin. This study investigated the inheritance of fumonisin contamination resistance (FCR) in tropical maize, based on a multi-environment trials diallel analysis via mixed models. For this purpose, based on 13 inbred lines, single-cross hybrids were created and assessed in three environments. A mixed model diallel joint analysis across environments was performed, considering the existence of environment-specific variances and correlations between pairs of environments for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects, and additive genomic relationship between inbred lines for the prediction of GCA and SCA. For all environments, the SCA variance had a higher magnitude than the GCA variance, indicating a predominance of the dominance effects underlying FCR in tropical maize. Moreover, the proportion of the variance among single-cross hybrids that was due to GCA varied from 16  to 22 % across environments, suggesting that SCA is important to predict the hybrids performance. Through modeling variance–covariance structures for GCA and SCA, it was possible to observe that the GCA effects were stable, whereas the SCA effects were specific for each environment. Therefore, these results suggest that the selection of the best parents for the development of new inbred lines can be carried out through the average performance across the evaluated environments. Due to the importance of SCA effects and their complex interaction with environments, the selection of superior hybrids should be performed into specific environments.
外文关键词：Zea mays；Mycotoxins；Linear mixed models；Variance–covariance structures；Additive genomic relationship matrix
作者：Padua, JMV；Dias, KOD；Pastina, MM；等
作者单位：Companhia Souza Cruz，Brazil
期刊名称：Euphytica
期刊影响因子：1.618
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：10
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