中文摘要：本文在三年时间内对抗除草剂转基因春小麦“Andros”和非转基因小麦的基因漂移进行了田间评估。作者通过测试种子后代对草铵膦除草剂的抗性来分析基因漂移。超过712000颗发芽种子的表型和分子检测表明，尽管非转基因小麦种植在转基因小麦附近，但其花粉介导转基因漂移发生的概率很低。另外，本文还根据主导风向用罗盘检测到了基因漂移的非对称分布和最大异交率，且在不同年份的所有风向变化内基因漂移率在0.134% - 0.416 %之间。当转基因和非转基因小麦种植距离加大时，转基因漂移的频率显着减少。研究结果表明，为了防止污染相邻的非转基因小麦，转基因小麦与非转基因小麦在种植时应有一个隔离距离，此时春小麦的花粉介导转基因漂移可以保持在可以忽略的水平。
外文摘要：Three-year field assessment of gene flow from the genetically modified herbicide-resistant spring wheat variety 'Andros' to its non-transgenic counterpart has been conducted. A circular field trial design where the wheat plants containing the bar and gfp genes were planted in a central plot, while the recipient non-transgenic plants were grown in eight compass sectors at a distance of 1-5 m from the pollen source, has been developed. Gene flow was analyzed by testing the glufosinate-based herbicide resistance in seedling progeny. The phenotypic and molecular examination of more than 712,000 germinated seeds allowed us to draw a conclusion that the pollen-mediated transgene flow might occur at a low frequency (< 0.8 %) even if the non-transgenic wheat was located in the proximity to its transgenic counterpart. The strong asymmetric distribution of gene flow and the maximum outcrossing rate were detected in compass sectors following the direction of the dominant wind. The gene flow rate averaged over all wind direction varied in different years from 0.134 to 0.416 %. The dramatic reduction in transgene flow frequencies was observed while increasing the distance between transgenic and non-transgenic plots. The rise of average gene flow due to significant increase of the transgene pollen area was not confirmed statistically. These results predict that the pollen-mediated transgene flow in spring wheat can be maintained at negligible levels while the existence of a short isolation distance in order to prevent contamination of adjacent non-GM wheat.
外文关键词：bar and gfp genes；Genetically modified (GM)；Isolation distance；Risk assessment；Transgenes；Wheat
作者：Miroshnichenko, Dmitry；Pushin, Alexander；Dolgov, Sergey
作者单位：Russian Academy of Sciences
期刊名称：EUPHYTICA
期刊影响因子：1.618
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：5
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