中文摘要：赤霉病（FHB）是引发谷物产量损失和质量降低的重要病害之一。B型单端孢霉烯(TRI) 、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和雪腐镰刀菌醇（NIV）与小麦和其它小粒谷物赤霉病有关的主要霉菌毒素。本研究报告了2013和2014年生立陶宛小麦籽粒中DON和NIV霉菌毒素及其潜在生产者的分布情况。本文以从立陶宛12个行政区49个农场收集的114个春小麦和30个冬小麦为样品，采用形态学和定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）技术鉴定和定量研究镰刀菌。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法估测所有样品中的DON浓度，采用超高效液相色谱与质谱联用（UPLC / MS）估测其中17个随机样品中的NIV浓度。研究发现禾谷镰刀菌、大刀镰刀菌和梨孢镰刀菌会在小麦籽粒中产生霉菌毒素DON和NIV。在2013年生的春小麦中检测到DON最高含量，这与禾谷镰刀菌DNA含量显著相关（r = 0.783，p <0.01）。立陶宛小麦籽粒中梨孢镰刀菌DNA含量与NIV浓度正向相关(r = 0.62, p < 0.01) ，因此梨孢镰刀菌是NIV突出的潜在生产者。在小麦籽粒中还意外的发现了少量的大刀镰刀菌，它是DON的潜在生产者，与NIV无关。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important cereal diseases causing yield losses and reducing its quality. B type trichothecenes (TRI) deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) are the main mycotoxins associated with FHB of wheat and other small-grain cereals. Usually, a particular Fusarium strain is able to produce only one type of B trichothecene. The detection of gene for NIV, DON and its acetylated derivatives 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON) or 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) production is used for detection of FHB pathogens in plant material and their chemotyping.
The current study presents the distribution of DON and NIV mycotoxins and their potential producers in Lithuanian wheat grain grown in 2013 and 2014. Grain samples of spring wheat (114) and winter wheat (30) were collected from 49 farms situated in 12 administrative districts of Lithuania. Fusarium species were identified and quantified by the morphological and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) techniques. DON concentrations were estimated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all collected grain samples and NIV using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) in 17 arbitrarily selected samples. F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. poae were identified as species capable of producing mycotoxins DON and NIV in wheat grain. The highest DON quantities were identified in the grain of spring wheat grown in 2013 and this was clearly linked to F. graminearum DNA quantities (r = 0.783, p < 0.01). F. poae stood out as a potential NIV producer in the grain of Lithuania-grown wheat, since a positive correlation (r = 0.62, p < 0.01) between the quantities of F. poae DNA and NIV concentrations was established. F. culmorum was detected in unexpectedly small quantities in wheat grain and was found to be the potential producer of DON, but not NIV.
外文关键词：chemotype;Fusarium graminearum;Fusarium poae;qPCR;UPLC/MS
作者：Suproniene, Skaidre; Sakalauskas, Simonas; Mankeviciene, Audrone; Barcauskaite, Karolina; Jonaviciene, Akvile
作者单位：Lithuanian Res Ctr Agr & Forestry,Lithuania.
期刊名称：ZEMDIRBYSTE-AGRICULTURE
期刊影响因子：0.579
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：11
点击下载：小麦中产生镰刀菌毒素的B型单端孢霉烯的分布，及其与霉菌毒素DON和NIV浓度的关系