中文摘要：安全可靠的饮用水对人来生存至关重要，由于附近农业生产，地表水很有可能受到农药污染。本文选取埃塞俄比亚金马地区和亚的斯亚贝巴的水源为检测样本，采用液-固和液-液技术进行样本萃取和清洗，通过对比消费者饮用水农药残留的每日摄入量（EDI）与可接受每日摄入量（ADI）和急性参考剂量（ARfD）来进行消费者风险评估。发现金马地区和亚的斯亚贝巴水源中2,4-D、马拉硫磷、二嗪磷和丁苯吗啉平均残留量分别为1.59-13.90μg/I 和0.11-138 41μg/I，一些农药残留量已经超过了欧洲饮用水指南值，对于人类健康来说，虽并无急性风险(EDI < ARfD)，但是二嗪磷和丁苯(EDI > ADI)对金马地区和亚的斯亚贝巴的居民具有一定的慢性健康风险。因此，必须对饮用水进行全面检测来减少水源农药残留和人类长期健康风险。
外文摘要：Access to safe and reliable drinking water is vital for a healthy population. However, surface water may be contaminated with pesticides because of the nearby agricultural areas as well as from household application. Water samples were collected from water sources in Jimma zone and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The extraction and clean up of the samples were undertaken using liquid-solid and liquid-liquid methods. Human exposure was assessed by calculating the estimated daily intake (EDI) of pesticides in water and compared with the acceptable daily intake (ADI) and the acute reference dose (ARfD). The mean concentrations of 2,4-D, malathion, diazinon and fenpropimorph were 1.59-13.90 mu g/I and 0.11-138 41 in Jimma and Addis Ababa water sources, respectively. The residue level of some of the pesticides were above the European drinking water guide line values, which is an indication of an illegal use of pesticides in the study areas. Concerning human health risk estimation, there was no acute risk (EDI < ARfD). However, chronic risks to human health were observed from exposure to diazinon and fenpropimorph (EDI > ADI) for Jimma and Addis Ababa populations, respectively. A comprehensive monitoring is required to reduce the level of pesticide residues in the water and to minimize particularly the long term human health risks. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
外文关键词：Estimated daily intake, Drinking water, Chronic risk, Acute risk, Treatment plant
作者：Mekonen, Seblework; Argaw, Roba; Simanesew, Aklilu; Houbraken, Michael; Senaeve, David; Ambelu, Argaw; Spanoghe, Pieter
作者单位：Jimma Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Sci & Technol, POB 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
期刊名称：CHEMOSPHERE
期刊影响因子：3.698
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：11
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