中文摘要：赤霉病(FHB)是小粒谷类作物的一个全球性问题，会造成作物减产，甚至会产生有害毒素，进入食物链。本研究以前人的研究成果为基础，认为田间湿度是一种影响镰刀菌感染和霉菌毒素产生的重要因素。2009、2011年在德国东北部的四个站点进行了田间试验。2011年雨量充沛，出现了高镰刀菌感染引起的高丰度单端孢菌及高浓度霉菌毒素。同时，镰刀菌还抑制了其它丝状真菌的发展。总之，不同区域和地貌，致病菌感染和霉菌毒素浓度分布非常不均匀， NDVI相当于致病镰刀菌发生及霉菌毒素产生的一个重要信号；ECa反映发生最频繁的霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的分布规律；在所有情况下，本模型中都没有发现TWI是一个显著变量。总之，研究结果扩展了我们对田间FHB感染和霉菌毒素产生的适用指标的认知。
外文摘要：Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global problem in small-grains agriculture that results in yield losses and, more seriously, produces harmful toxins that enter the food chain. This study builds on previous research identifying within-field humidity as an important factor in infection processes by Fusarium species and its mycotoxin production. Environmental variables describing topographic control of humidity (TWI), soil texture and related moisture by electrical conductivity (ECa), and canopy humidity by density (NDVI) were explored in their relationship to the fungal infection rates, the abundance of trichothecene-producing Fusarium spp. as determined by TRI 6 gene copies and mycotoxin accumulation. Field studies were performed at four field sites in northeastern Germany in 2009 and 2011. In the wet year 2011, a high Fusarium infection rate resulted in a high abundance of trichothecene-producing fungi as well as high concentrations of mycotoxins. Simultaneously, Fusarium spp. inhibited the development of other filamentous fungi. Overall, a very heterogeneous distribution of pathogen infections and mycotoxin concentrations were displayed in each field in each landscape. The NDVI serves as an important predictor of the occurrence of phytopathogenic Fusarium fungi and their mycotoxins in a field and landscape scale. In addition, the ECa reflects the distribution of the most frequently occurring mycotoxin deoxynivalenol within the fields and landscapes. In all cases, TWI was not found to be a significant variable in the models. All in all, the results extend our knowledge about suitable indicators of FHB infection and mycotoxin production within the field.
外文关键词：Phytopathogenic fungi；Mycotoxin；Spatial heterogeneity；Remote sensing imagery；Spatial linear mixed-effects model；Humidity
作者：Muller, MEH；Koszinski, S；Bangs, DE；Wehrhan, M；Ulrich, A；Verch, G；Brenning, A
作者单位：Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res ZALF
期刊名称：PRECISION AGRICULTURE
期刊影响因子：1.675
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：6
点击下载：不同区域和地貌中作物生物量及湿度因素能够体现植物病原性镰刀菌及其霉菌毒素的空间分布情况