中文摘要：大豆是阿根廷最重要的农作物。目前在美洲很多国家认为禾谷镰刀菌是大豆的主要病原体，会导致种子和根腐烂，以及出苗前后的苗腐烂。然后，没有信息表明禾谷镰刀菌在大豆生长晚期的致病性，也没有信息表明禾谷镰刀菌种复合物同样具有致病性。本研究旨在比较大田条件下，禾谷镰刀菌和南方镰刀菌的致病性，并评估这两种镰刀菌种的致病程度和单端孢霉烯产量。研究结果表明，在2013/2014生长季，禾谷镰刀菌和南方镰刀菌的致病性更强。不同生长季之间致病性的差异并没有反映在成熟期大豆种子的单端孢霉烯浓度中。南方镰刀菌菌株的致病性与禾谷镰刀菌相似，然而田间试验表明他们不能在植株中产生这种毒素。
外文摘要：Soybean (Glycine max) is the most important crop in Argentina. At present Fusarium graminearum is recognized as a primary pathogen of soybean in several countries in the Americas, mainly causing seed and root rot and pre- and post-emergence damping off. However, no information about infections at later growth stages of soybean development and pathogenicity of F. graminearum species complex is available. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to compare the pathogenicity of F. graminearum and F. meridionale isolates towards soybean under field conditions and to evaluate the degree of pathogenicity and trichothecene production of these two phylogenetic species that express different chemotypes. Six isolates of F. graminearum and F. meridionale were evaluated during 2012/13 and 2013/14 soybean growing seasons for pod blight severity, percentage of seed infected in pods and kernel weight reduction. The results showed a higher aggressiveness of both F. graminearum and F. meridionale species during the 2013/14 season. However, the differences in pathogenicity observed between the seasons were not reflected in a distinct trichothecene concentration in soybean seeds at maturity. Fusarium meridionale isolates showed similar pathogenicity to F. graminearum isolates but they were not able to produce this toxin in planta during the two field trials.
外文关键词：chemotypes；Fusarium graminearum；Fusarium meridionale；Glycine max；pathogenicity Univ Nacl Rio Cuarto；Argentina.
作者：Chiotta, M. L.; Alaniz Zanon, M. S.; Palazzini, J. M.; Scandiani, M. M.; Formento, A. N.; Barros, G. G.; Chulze, S. N.
作者单位：Univ Nacl Rio Cuarto；Argentina.
期刊名称：PLANT PATHOLOGY
期刊影响因子：2.383
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：12
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