中文摘要：由于抗疟疾药物青蒿素是在黄花蒿中缓慢生成的，因而相当昂贵。近期的研究表明，黄花蒿的遗传工程是提高青蒿素产量的有效方法。本文在环境释放试验中，对具有高青蒿素含量的转基因黄花蒿GYR进行评价。首先，作者对GYR植株与野生型NON-GYR植株的表型性状（株高、冠幅、茎粗、发芽率、叶干重、1000个种子重量、叶形）进行了对比；其次，作者在不同的实验条件下评价了两个品系对盐、干旱、除草剂、和寒冷的抗性。最后，对两个品系的基因流进行了估计。研究发现，GYR植株与野生型NON-GYR植株的一些农艺性状（株高、茎粗、和叶干重）有显著性差异；除了在高浓度的氯化钠浓度下，GYR植株与野生型NON-GYR植株的盐分胁迫是相似的；GYR植株与野生型NON-GYR植株的叶片水、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量有显著性差异。另外，转基因黄花蒿GYR最大的基因流频率为2.5%，最大的基因流距离为24.4米；任何方向上的29.2米处均没有检测到基因流。本文的研究结果可能为黄花蒿GYR未来的商业化提供了风险评估的方法。
外文摘要：The anti-malarial drug, artemisinin, is quite expensive as a result of its slow content in Artemisia annua. Recent investigations have suggested that genetic engineering of A. annua is a promising approach to improve the yield of artemisinin. In this study, the transgenic A. annua strain GYR, which has high artemisinin content, was evaluated in an environmental release trial. First, GYR plants were compared with the wild-type variety NON-GYR, with regard to phenotypic characters (plant height, crown width, stem diameter, germination rate, leaf dry weight, 1000-seed weight, leave shape). Second, stress resistance in the two varieties (salt, drought, herbicide, and cold resistance) was evaluated under different experimental conditions. Finally, gene flow was estimated. The results indicated that there were significant differences in several agronomic traits (plant height, stem diameter, and leave dry weight) between the transgenic GYR and NON-GYR plants. Salt stress in transgenic and control plants was similar, except under high NaCl concentrations (1.6%, w/w). Leaf water, proline, and MDA content (increased significantly) were significantly different. Transgenic A. annua GYR plants did not grow better than NON-GYR plants with respect to drought and herbicide resistance. The two varieties maintained vitality through the winter. Third, gene flow was studied in an environmental risk trial for transgenic GYR. The maximum gene flow frequency was 2.5%, while the maximum gene flow distance was 24.4 m; gene flow was not detected at 29.2 m at any direction. Our findings may provide an opportunity for risk assessment in future commercialization of transgenic A. annua varieties.
外文关键词：Artemisia annua；GYR；Phenotypic characterization；Stress resistance；Gene flow
作者：Liu, H；Wu, G. G；Wang, J. B；等
作者单位：上海农业科学院
期刊名称：GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH
期刊影响因子：0.764
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：15
点击下载：在环境释放试验中，转基因黄花蒿GYR和野生型NON-GYR的分析与比较