中文摘要：本研究评估了32份冬黑麦和34份冬小麦种质抗赤霉病的能力，田间试验在两个点进行。开花期用三种黄色镰刀菌接种麦穗，记录赤霉病发病率；并在收获后评估籽粒受损率及籽粒中B型单端孢霉烯（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇）和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的含量。结果发现，发病率、籽粒受损率及霉菌毒素含量三者的关系在小麦中很明显，而在黑麦中不明显：与小麦相比，黑麦的穗和籽粒受到的感染较低，但B型单端孢霉烯的含量反而更高。
外文摘要：Resistance to Fusarium head blight in 32 winter triticale and 34 winter wheat accessions was evaluated. Triticale and wheat were sown in field experiments in two locations. At the time of flowering, heads were inoculated with three Fusarium culmorum isolates. Fusarium head blight index was scored and after the harvest percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels was assessed. Grain was analysed for type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and derivatives, nivalenol) and zearalenone (ZEN) content. The average Fusarium head blight indexes were 28.0% for wheat and 19.2% for triticale accessions. The percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels was also higher for wheat and came to 55.6%, while for triticale this figure was 40.2%. The average content of deoxynivalenol (DON) for wheat amounted to 11.65 mg/kg and was lower than the result for triticale which was 14.12 mg/kg. The average contents of nivalenol were similar in both cereals: 4.13 mg/kg and 5.19 mg/kg for wheat and triticale respectively. Considerable amounts of DON derivatives in the cereals were also detected. The ZEN content in the grain was 0.60 mg/kg for wheat and 0.66 mg/kg for triticale. Relationships between Fusarium head blight index, Fusarium damaged kernels and mycotoxin contents were statistically significant for wheat and mostly insignificant for triticale. Triticale proved to have less infected heads and kernels than wheat. However, the content of type B trichothecenes was higher in triticale grain than in wheat grain. 
外文关键词：Fusarium；triticale；wheat；deoxynivalenol；zearalenone
作者：Goral, T；Wisniewska, H；Ochodzki, P；Walentyn-Goral, D
作者单位：Natl Res Inst
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.571
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：10
点击下载：接种黄色镰刀菌后冬黑麦籽粒中的镰刀菌毒素积累水平高于小麦