中文摘要：单端孢霉烯族毒素是一类结构不同的霉菌毒素，有200多个天然成员。此前，一个新成员，五羟基草镰刀菌烯(PHS)，被当作一个产雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）的镰刀菌株（IFA189）的副产物进行了报道。PHS在C-8位置含有一个羟基，代替了B型单端孢霉烯的酮基。 本研究采用分子方法，证实了IFA189属于九州镰孢菌属；并发现其它几种产NIV的镰刀菌也产PHS。此外，我们报道了在接种过九州镰刀菌的水稻中形成了4-乙酰-PHS；已经证实感染了IFA189的Remus小麦，麦穗及植株体内都产生了PHS。天然存在的PHS已用液相色谱-串联质谱法在捷克大麦中得到证实。用体外转录和翻译偶联系统分析PHS对小麦核糖体的毒性，发现在抑制蛋白质生物合成上，PHS的作用比NIV和DON要小。
外文摘要：Trichothecenes are a class of structurally diverse mycotoxins with more than 200 naturally occurring compounds. Previously, a new compound, pentahydroxyscirpene (PHS), was reported as a byproduct of a nivalenol producing Fusarium strain, IFA189. PHS contains a hydroxy group at C-8 instead of the keto group of type B trichothecenes. In this work, we demonstrate that IFA189 belongs to the species Fusarium kyushuense using molecular tools. Production of PHS in vitro was also observed for several isolates of other Fusarium species producing nivalenol. Furthermore, we report the formation of 4-acetyl-PHS by F. kyushuense on inoculated rice. Wheat ears of the variety Remus were infected with IFA189 and the in planta production of PHS was confirmed. Natural occurrence of PHS was verified in barley samples from the Czech Republic using a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method validated for this purpose. Toxicity of PHS to wheat ribosomes was evaluated with a coupled in vitro transcription and translation assay, which showed that PHS inhibits protein biosynthesis slightly less than nivalenol and deoxynivalenol.
 
外文关键词：mycotoxins；LC-MS/MS； taxonomy； toxicity； cereals
作者：Varga, E； Wiesenberger, G； Fruhmann, P； Malachova, A； Svoboda, T； Lemmens, M； Adam, G； Berthiller, F
作者单位：Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna BOKU
期刊名称：TOXINS
期刊影响因子：3.571
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：10
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