中文摘要：鼠李糖脂(RLs)具有抗真菌活性，被广泛用于许多植物病原真菌的抗性研究，但未涉及串珠镰刀菌，一种主要的玉米病原菌。串珠镰刀菌引起玉米茎腐病和穗腐病或植株和穗的无症状感染，导致全球中度到重度的作物减产。串珠镰刀菌产生的伏马菌素，是一类致癌物，污染后的粮食不宜消费。本研究以葡萄糖作唯一碳源制备RL，用FTIR和LCMS对其进行了表征，并评估了它在体外对玉米茎杆和种子中串珠镰刀菌的抗菌活性。此外，用扫描电镜检测RL对串珠镰刀菌菌丝的作用发现，与对照相比，菌丝结构发生了有形损耗。植物体内，用浓度为50 mg/l的RL处理玉米种子，与健康对照株比，提高了生物量和结实率，并彻底抑制了玉米中由串珠镰刀菌引起的典型病症和菌群。本研究凸显出RLs用作玉米中串珠镰刀菌的有效生物控制策略很有潜力。
外文摘要：Antifungal activity of rhamnolipids (RLs) has been widely studied against many plant pathogenic fungi, but not against Fusarium verticillioides, a major pathogen of maize (Zea mays L.). F. verticillioides causes stalk and ear rot of maize or asymptomatically colonizes the plant and ears resulting in moderate to heavy crop loss throughout the world. F. verticillioides produces fumonisin mycotoxins, reported carcinogens, which makes the contaminated ears unsuitable for consumption. In this study, the RL produced using glucose as sole carbon source was characterized by FTIR and LCMS analyses and its antifungal activity against F. verticillioides was evaluated in vitro on maize stalks and seeds. Further, the effect of RL on the mycelia of F. verticillioides was investigated by scanning electron microscopy which revealed visible damage to the mycelial structure as compared to control samples. In planta, treatment of maize seeds with a RL concentration of 50 mg l-1 resulted in improved biomass and fruiting compared to those of healthy control plants and complete suppression of characteristic disease symptoms and colonization of maize by F. verticillioides. The study highlights the potential of RLs to be used for an effective biocontrol strategy against colonization of maize plant by F. verticillioides.
外文关键词：rhamnolipid； Fusarium verticillioides FS7； Pseudomonas aeruginosa SS14； Zea mays L.； biocontrol； scanning electron microscopy； In planta activity
作者：Borah, SN； Goswami, D； Sarma, HK； Cameotra, SS； Deka, S
作者单位：Inst Adv Study Sci & Technol
期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
期刊影响因子：4.165
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：9
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