中文摘要：用1976、1983、1998、2006、和2014年从整个江苏省采集的185株小麦镰刀菌菌株，分析了单端孢霉烯的基因型组成、霉菌毒素的产生、基因多样性及种群结构。结果显示：3乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(3ADON) 40年间一直是该地区的主要类型；雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)自1998年出现；比起使用杀菌剂、作物健身或天气状况来，小麦和水稻的长期轮作，才是造成这种现象的主要原因。遗传多样性是由两种毒素合成基因Pks4和Tri10造成的；可变数串联重复 (VNTR)标记表明1998年种群变异最大，这也是霉菌毒素产生最高的一年。群体分化研究表明，同一地区主要时间范围内种群分化不明显。本研究结果显示优势种能长时间保持遗传稳定性，Pks4可用于遗传和种群研究。
 
外文摘要：Trichothecene genotype composition, mycotoxin production, genetic diversity, and population structure were analyzed, using 185 Fusarium strains collected from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) throughout the Jiangsu province during 1976, 1983, 1998, 2006, and 2014. The results showed that 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON) was consistently the predominant type in this region over 40 years, and the nivalenol (NIV) type has emerged since 1998. Long-term rotation of wheat and rice (Oryza sativa L.), rather than fungicide application, crop fitness, or weather conditions, might be the main cause of this phenomenon. The genetic diversity results from two toxin synthetic genes, Pks4 and Tri10, and variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) markers revealed the largest variance within the population in 1998, which was also the year with the highest production of mycotoxins. Population differentiation analysis indicated that major temporal population comparisons from the same area were not significantly differentiated. Our results showed that dominant species could maintain genetic stability for a long time, and Pks4 would be of utility in genetic and population studies.
作者：Qiu, JB；Sun, JT；Yu, MZ；Xu, JH；Shi, JR
作者单位：Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci
期刊名称：SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
期刊影响因子：5.228
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：11
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