中文摘要：青贮饲料，是牛最重要的饲料来源之一，因其是真菌生长的良好基质而易受腐败霉菌及其毒素的污染。本研究旨在鉴定高粱青贮中的真菌区系，检测黄曲霉毒素及伏马菌素的存在情况，并将结果与青贮饲料的物理参数进行关联。结果发现筒仓袋是存放高粱的有效工具；而产毒菌的出现表明需要定期筛查青贮中的霉菌毒素水平，避免动物污染饲料的暴露，从而避免毒素进入食物链。
 
外文摘要：Silage, one of the most important feed sources for cattle, is vulnerable to contamination by spoilage moulds and mycotoxins because ensilage materials are excellent substrates for fungal growth. The aim of this study was to identify the mycobiota of sorghum silages, to determine the presence of aflatoxins and fumonisins, and to correlate these results with physical parameters of the silage. A total of 275 samples of sorghum were collected from dairy farms in the south-west region of Uruguay were silage practices are developed. The presence of fungi was observed in all of the sorghum samples with values varying from 0.2 × 1066 to 4085 × 1066 UFC g6301. Significant difference were detected in the total number of fungi during the storage period; at six months there is a high risk of fungal spoilage. The most frequent genera isolated from sorghum samples were Penicillium (70%), Aspergillus (65%), Absidia (40%), Fusarium (35%), Paecilomyces (35%) and Alternaria, Cladosporium, Gliocadium and Mucor (30%). The toxigenic species most frequently found were Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium nygamai. Only two samples were contaminated by AFB1 with levels of 1 and 14 08g kg–1. Fumonisin was detected in 40% of freshly harvest samples with levels ranged from 533 08g kg–1 to 933 08g kg–1. The use of silo bags seems to be an effective tool to store sorghum. However, the presence of toxigenic fungi show that regular screening for mycotoxins levels in silages must be performed to avoid the exposure of animals to contaminated feed and the introduction of these compounds into the food chain.
外文关键词：Sorghum；aflatoxin；fumonisin；fungi
作者：del Palacio, A；Mionetto, A；Bettucci, L；Pan, D
作者单位：Univ Republica
期刊名称：Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-Chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment
期刊影响因子：1.878
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：12
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