中文摘要： 本文旨在对苹果、葡萄、菠菜叶三种新鲜农产品对多种内吸性和非内吸性农药渗透性进行评估。采用表面增强拉曼散射映射对农药渗透性随时间的变化情况进行原位实时跟踪，结果显示，在暴露48小时后，100 mg/L的内吸性农药（噻菌灵和啶虫脒）比100 mg/L的非内吸性农药（福美铁和亚胺硫磷）渗透更迅速，最大渗透深度达到220μm，而非系统性农药最大渗透深度为80μm。但两种非内吸性农药可渗透所有新鲜农产品并可能引发其他食品安全隐患。与苹果和菠菜叶相比，葡萄对所有农药渗透的耐受度更强，渗透深度均低于80μm。本研究结论可对准确、有效、安全地使用农药和减少新鲜农产品农药暴露提供技术支持和指导。
外文摘要：Understanding pesticide penetration is important for effectively applying pesticides and in reducing pesticide exposures from food. This study aims to evaluate multiclass systemic and nonsystemic pesticide penetration in 3 representative fresh produce (apples, grapes, and spinach leaves). Surface-enhanced Raman scattering mapping was applied for in situ and real-time tracking of pesticide penetration over time. The results show that 100 mg/L of systemic pesticides, thiabendazole and acetamiprid, penetrated more rapidly and deeply with maximum depth around 220 mu m after 48-h exposure into the tested fresh produce than 100 mg/L of nonsystemic pesticides, ferbam and phosmet, with maximum depth about 80 mu m. The fact that 2 nonsystemic pesticides were also able to penetrate over time into all 3 fresh produce tested may raise additional food safety concerns. Comparatively, grapes were generally more resistant for pesticide penetration with all pesticides penetration depth below 80 mu m compared to apples and spinach leaves. The information obtained here could provide technical support and guidance for accurate, effective, and safe application of pesticides and for the reduction of pesticide exposure from fresh produce.
 
外文关键词：fresh produce, nonsystemic pesticides, pesticide penetration, SERS mapping, systemic pesticides
作者：Yang, Tianxi; Zhao, Bin; Hou, Ruyan; Zhang, Zhiyun; Kinchla, Amanda J.; Clark, John M.; He, Lili
作者单位：Univ Massachusetts, Dept Food Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：1.649
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：12
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