中文摘要：弄清气候变化的影响对食品安全和公众健康至关重要，尤其是气候条件对黄曲霉生长及产毒的影响，而气候变化的实际影响人们知之甚少，所以要建立这种影响相关的管理措施相当艰巨，特别是在发展中国家。因此，本研究旨在提出适应和减轻肯尼亚黄曲霉中毒事件频发问题的风险管理措施。我们通过对综述与研究论文进行系统的文献回顾，有限检索，系统筛选，探索现有的定性和定量资料。根据资料推测，中部和西部黄曲霉毒素污染平均增加58.9%，东部和南部减少44.6%，与预期相符，但实际情况多变。这就使肯尼亚黄曲霉毒素污染受气候影响的问题更加复杂。为了避免公众和环境遭受这种负面影响，本文提出了一个监管框架，可以系统管理气候变化中的黄曲霉毒素。框架中的管理措施分为农艺、采收后和制度层面。鉴于多点的应用，链中利益相关者之间的协调是根本。为此提出了一种辅助框架，在实行透明协同和贸易时，可以系统解决食品安全问题（在措施实施中）。应实行政策导向的预见性，为提出的适应和减轻措施的适用性提供政策依据。
 
外文摘要：Understanding the impact of climate change remains vital for food safety and public health. Of particular importance is the influence of climatic conditions on the growth of Aspergillus flavus and production of their toxins. Nevertheless, little is known about the actual impact of climate change on the issue. Setting up of relevant measures to manage the impact has therefore become a daunting task especially in developing nations. Therefore, this study aimed at providing adaptation and mitigation options to manage this risk with a special focus on Kenya where cases of aflatoxicosis have been recurrent. We used a systematic literature review of review and research articles, with limited searching but systematic screening to explore available qualitative and quantitative data. Projections from the data, showed that on average, a 58.9% increase of aflatoxin contamination in the Central and Western parts and a decrease of 44.6% in the Eastern and Southern parts is expected but with several possible scenarios. This makes the impact of climate change on aflatoxin contamination in Kenya complex. To protect the public and environment from the negative impact, a regulatory framework that allows for an integrated management of aflatoxins in a changing climate was proposed. The management practices in the framework are divided into agronomic, post-harvest and institutional levels. Given the multiple points of application, coordination amongst stakeholders along the chain is fundamental. We therefore proposed a complimentary framework that allows the food safety issues to be addressed in an integrated manner while allowing for transparent synergies and trade- offs (in implementing the measures). A policy-oriented foresight should be carried out to provide policy based evidence for the applicability of the proposed adaptation and mitigation measures.
外文关键词：Aspergillus flavus；aflatoxin；food safety；regulatory framework；weather factors
作者：Wambui, JM；Karuri, EG；Ojiambo, JA；Njage, PMK
作者单位：Univ Nairobi
期刊名称：World Mycotoxin Journal
期刊影响因子：2.091
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：5
点击下载：从气候变化的角度谈谈食品中黄曲霉毒素污染管理的适应与减轻措施