中文摘要：本研究旨在评估挥发油对寄生曲霉生长及产生黄曲霉毒素的抑制作用，并将其与挥发油的化学成份进行关联。六种植物（香茅、蓝桉、牛至、芸香、鼠尾草和香薄荷）的挥发油，用气相色谱法进行表征并测试它们对寄生曲霉MUM 92.02菌株的抑制作用，再用HPLC评估它们在体外抑制产黄曲霉毒素的作用。结果显示所有挥发油都以肉眼可见的效果延缓了真菌的生长。因此，挥发油似乎是一种不错的杀菌剂，不仅因为环境问题，还因为已报道的用它们作杀菌剂不会增加霉菌毒素的产生。
 
外文摘要：The aim of this work was to assess the inhibitory effect of essential oils on the growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus parasiticus, as well as to correlate it with the chemical composition of the essential oils. Essential oils from six aromatic species (Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus globulus, Origanum vulgare, Ruta graveolens, Salvia officinalis, Satureja montana) were characterised by gas chromatography and tested for their inhibitory effect against A. parasiticus strain MUM 92.02. Furthermore, the in vitro inhibitory effects of these essential oils on the production of aflatoxins were evaluated by HPLC. Results showed that all essential oils retarded the time for visible growth. Growth rate was affected differently depending on the essential oil. S. montana essential oil prevented growth in all cases. The essential oil of R. graveolens inhibited most of the aflatoxin production even though growth inhibition was low, while with C. citratus essential oil trace levels of aflatoxins were detected. Essential oils containing carvacrol and/or thymol (S. montana and O. vulgare) have the highest activity against fungal growth, while an essential oil (R. graveolens) containing 2-undecanone and 8-phenyl-2-octanone inhibited the synthesis of aflatoxins. Although the main component of this essential oil was 2-undecanone (91%), when pure 2-undecanone was tested, it did not inhibit aflatoxin production. Inhibition activity is probably due to the recently identified minor compound or to a synergistic effect. Essential oils seem to be a good alternative to fungicides not only because of environmental issues but also because they do not seem to enhance mycotoxin production as it has been reported for some fungicides.
外文关键词：growth inhibition；essential oils；2-undecanone；8-phenyl-2-octanone；thymol；carvacrol
作者：Soares, C；Morales, H；Faria, J；Figueiredo, AC；Pedro, LG；Venancio, A
作者单位：Univ Minho
期刊名称：World Mycotoxin Journal
期刊影响因子：2.091
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：4
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