中文摘要：迫切需要从过去25-30年间国内外霉菌毒素的研究中调动大量的知识，同时开展前沿研究，填补知识的空白，并把这些知识集成到经济、实用的工具中，给供应链上的农民和食品加工者使用，降低作物、饲料和食品受霉菌毒素污染的风险。这就是MyToolBox，一个由欧盟提供资金、为期四年的项目的使命。它调动多方合作(学术界，农民，科技型中小企业，食品工业与政策利益相关者), 开发新的干预措施，显著减少因霉菌污染造成的作物损失。除从田间到餐桌法外，MyToolBox还考虑污染批次的安全使用选项，如生物燃料的高效生产。较之先前降低霉菌毒素的策略所做的努力，MyToolBox最明显的特征在于沿着食物和饲料链，在基于Web的MyToolBox平台(e-toolbox)上，为终端用户提供建议措施。本项目针对小粒谷物、玉米、花生和无花果干，适用于欧盟和中国的农业环境。从几方面比较了新的收获前干预与现有的措施造成的作物损失：对真菌感染的遗传抗性研究、耕作防除（免耕或秸秆处理）、使用适合有机农业的生物农药、竞争性防菌处理及开发新模型预测霉菌毒素污染。采收后措施研究包括仓储过程实时监控、可视技术作物分类、新的磨粉技术及规模化烘焙对霉菌毒素的作用等方面。
 
外文摘要：There is a pressing need to mobilise the wealth of knowledge from the international mycotoxin research conducted over the past 25-30 years, and to perform cutting-edge research where knowledge gaps still exist. This knowledge needs to be integrated into affordable and practical tools for farmers and food processors along the chain in order to reduce the risk of mycotoxin contamination of crops, feed and food. This is the mission of MyToolBox - a four-year project which has received funding from the European Commission. It mobilises a multi-actor partnership (academia, farmers, technology small and medium sized enterprises, food industry and policy stakeholders) to develop novel interventions aimed at achieving a significant reduction in crop losses due to mycotoxin contamination. Besides a field-to-fork approach, MyToolBox also considers safe use options of contaminated batches, such as the efficient production of biofuels. Compared to previous efforts of mycotoxin reduction strategies, the distinguishing feature of MyToolBox is to provide the recommended measures to the end users along the food and feed chain in a web-based MyToolBox platform (e-toolbox). The project focuses on small grain cereals, maize, peanuts and dried figs, applicable to agricultural conditions in the EU and China. Crop losses using existing practices are being compared with crop losses after novel pre-harvest interventions including investigation of genetic resistance to fungal infection, cultural control (e.g. minimum tillage or crop debris treatment), the use of novel biopesticides suitable for organic farming, competitive biocontrol treatment and development of novel modelling approaches to predict mycotoxin contamination. Research into post-harvest measures includes real-time monitoring during storage, innovative sorting of crops using vision-technology, novel milling technology and studying the effects of baking on mycotoxins at an industrial scale.
外文关键词：pre-harvest and post-harvest management； integrated mycotoxin management； thermal processing；decision support；dried distillers' grain soluble
作者：Krska, R; de Nijs, M; McNerney, O; Pichler, M; Gilbert, J; Edwards, S; Suman, M; Magan, N; Rossi, V; van der Fels-Klerx, HJ; Bagi, F; Poschmaier, B; Sulyok, M; Berthiller, F; van Egmond, HP
作者单位：Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci
期刊名称：World Mycotoxin Journal
期刊影响因子：2.091
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：4
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