中文摘要：转基因作物为提高农业产量带来了很大的希望，但同时对环境安全评价提出了挑战。氨氧化菌，包括氨氧化细菌（AOB）和古细菌（AOA），是一种在氮循环中非常重要的功能微生物组。本文用实时定量PCR方法和末端限制性片段长度多态性方法（T-RFLP），对转基因棉花（SGK321）和非转基因棉花（SY321）的根际AOA和AOB的丰度和多样性进行了研究。研究发现，棉花基因型对AOA和AOB丰度的变化有显著影响；SY32与SGK321根际AOB丰度的变化有所不同，SY321根际的AOB丰度波动很大，而SGK321根际的AOB丰度相对稳定；SGK321和SY321对AOA丰度的影响与AOB颇为相似，SGK321根际的AOA丰度波动很大，而SY321根际的AOA丰度相对稳定。另外，AOA和AOBT-RFLP图谱的CA、CCA、PCCA表明，AOB群落在SY32和SGK321的生长发育中均发生变化，而基因型是影响AOA群落的最重要因素。研究结果表明，转基因棉花对功能微生物没有不利影响。
外文摘要：Genetically modified crops (GMCs) hold great promise for improving agricultural output, but at the same time present challenges in terms of environmental safety assessment. Ammonia oxidizers, including ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), are very important functional microbial groups in nitrogen cycle. The abundance and diversity of AOA and AOB in the rhizosphere of genetically modified cotton (SGK321) and non-GM cotton (SY321) across growth stages were investigated using real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Results showed that cotton genotype had a significant effect on the change in abundance of AOA and AOB, as indicated by amoA copy number. Variations in AOB abundance in rhizosphere of SY321 differed from those in SGK321. The number of AOB in the rhizosphere of SY321 fluctuated considerably: It dramatically decreased from 1.2x10(6) copies g(-1) dry soil to 3x10(5) copies g(-1) dry soil during the flowering stage and then increased to 1.1 x 10(6) copies g(-1) and 1.5x10(6) copies g(-1) at the belling and boll opening stages, respectively. However, abundance of AOB in the rhizosphere of SGK321 was relatively stable during all the stages of growth. The effect of SGK321 and SY321 on AOA number was quite similar to that of AOB: AOA abundance in SGK321 increased smoothly from 1.0 x10(5) copies g(-1) dry soil to 1.4x10(6) copies g(-1) dry soil during growth, but that in SY321 fluctuated. Correspondence analysis (CA), canonical CA (CCA), and partial CCA (pCCA) of T-RFLP profiles of AOA and AOB showed that AOB community changed across growth stages in both cotton genotypes, and cotton genotype was the most important factor affecting the AOA community. In conclusion, the current findings indicated no adverse effect of GM cotton on functional microorganisms.
外文关键词：Ammonium oxidizing archaea; Ammonium oxidizing bacteria; Bt plus CpTI cotton; Genetically modified crop
作者：Dong, Lianhua; Meng, Ying; Wang, Jing; 等
作者单位：Natl Inst Metrol
期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
期刊影响因子：0.529
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：9