文章综述了支原体模式生物的分子生物学以及支原体转化复制载体的发展历程。当前，合成生物学研究已成为现实，并赢得了主流媒体的关注。人类首次合成了支原体人工基因组（即根据支原体序列获得了序列一致的小型基因组）；采用转基因技术通过在支原体细胞内合成完整的基因组首次成功构建了功能性人工细胞。因此，文章将从最新的视角来洞察这些“独特生物”的分子生物学。
外文摘要：Mycoplasmas are a large group of bacteria, sorted into different genera in the Mollicutes class, whose main characteristic in common, besides the small genome, is the absence of cell wall. They are considered cellular and molecular biology study models. We present an updated review of the molecular biology of these model microorganisms and the development of replicative vectors for the transformation of mycoplasmas. Synthetic biology studies inspired by these pioneering works became possible and won the attention of the mainstream media. For the first time, an artificial genome was synthesized (a minimal genome produced from consensus sequences obtained from mycoplasmas). For the first time, a functional artificial cell has been constructed by introducing a genome completely synthesized within a cell envelope of a mycoplasma obtained by transformation techniques. Therefore, this article offers an updated insight to the state of the art of these peculiar organisms' molecular biology.
作者：Cordova CMM, Hoeltgebaum DL, Machado LDPN,等。
作者单位：巴西布鲁梅瑙地方大学。
期刊名称：ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
期刊影响因子：0.717
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：Suppl 1
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