中文摘要：随着技术的发展及全社会对安全、经济有效的疫苗的需求不断扩大，相关领域的研究开始关注可以表达特定重组抗原的疫苗，即亚单位疫苗。而令人无法忍受的是，亚单位疫苗的抗原活性较低。因此，研究者开始通过免疫佐剂来增强疫苗的抗性，这些佐剂包括免疫刺激分子、抗原传递系统等，可以增强疫苗的免疫反应。纳米技术的应用，使得抗原可以在特定的传递系统内表达。纳米疫苗是经过合理设计的蛋白纳米颗粒，是未来最受欢迎的疫苗之一。
外文摘要：Vaccines have been the single most significant advancement in public health, preventing morbidity and mortality in millions of people annually. Vaccine development has traditionally focused on whole organism vaccines, either live attenuated or inactivated vaccines. While successful for many different infectious diseases whole organisms are expensive to produce, require culture of the infectious agent, and have the potential to cause vaccine associated disease in hosts. With advancing technology and a desire to develop safe, cost effective vaccine candidates, the field began to focus on the development of recombinantly expressed antigens known as subunit vaccines. While more tolerable, subunit vaccines tend to be less immunogenic. Attempts have been made to increase immunogenicity with the addition of adjuvants, either immunostimulatory molecules or an antigen delivery system that increases immune responses to vaccines. An area of extreme interest has been the application of nanotechnology to vaccine development, which allows for antigens to be expressed on a particulate delivery system. One of the most exciting examples of nanovaccines are rationally designed protein nanoparticles. These nanoparticles use some of the basic tenants of structural biology, biophysical chemistry, and vaccinology to develop protective, safe, and easily manufactured vaccines. Rationally developed nanoparticle vaccines are one of the most promising candidates for the future of vaccine development.
外文关键词：Vaccine; Nanoparticles; SAPN; Rationally designed; Adjuvant
作者：Karch, CP; Burkhard, P
作者单位：Inst Mat Sci Agh，USA
期刊名称：BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
期刊影响因子：5.091
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：11
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