中文摘要：多年来，一直用抗生素控制危及生命的细菌感染，这显著改善了人类健康和寿命。然而，细菌总能用化学方法或通过制造某种酶灭活抗菌剂，导致多药耐药(MDR)细菌普遍出现，这迫使研究人员寻找MDR感染的替代疗法。这种威胁靠传统化疗无法解除，但可以尝试一些新的方法。本综述讨论了对抗MDR细菌的新方法: 潜在的、能有效与微生物相互作用，并引起细胞形态和结构致命变化的纳米粒子(NPs)；利用无机NPs如AuNPs破坏致病菌细胞的纳米热疗法; 细菌对其产生较少耐药性的噬菌体疗法; 以不同途径作用于不同靶点的组合药物；分泌抗菌化学物质的益生菌疗法; 通过阻断群体感应信号从而阻止细菌定植；以及接种耐药菌株及毒力因子疫苗。MDR细菌仍然是公共卫生领域的最大挑战，但以上技术都向我们展示了与其对抗的美好前景。
外文摘要：Life-threatening bacterial infections have been managed by antibiotics for years and have significantly improved the wellbeing and lifetime of humans. However, bacteria have always been one step ahead by inactivating the antimicrobial agent chemically or by producing certain enzymes. The alarming universal occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has compelled researchers to find alternative treatments for MDR infections. This is a menace where conventional chemotherapies are no longer promising, but several novel approaches could help. Our current review article discusses the novel approaches that can combat MDR bacteria: starting off with potential nanoparticles (NPs) that efficiently interact with microorganisms causing fatal changes in the morphology and structure of these cells; nanophotothermal therapy using inorganic NPs like AuNPs to destroy pathogenic bacterial cells; bacteriophage therapy against which bacteria develop less resistance; combination drugs that act on dissimilar targets in distinctive pathways; probiotics therapy by the secretion of antibacterial chemicals; blockage of quorum sensing signals stopping bacterial colonization, and vaccination against resistant bacterial strains along with virulence factors. All these techniques show us a promising future in the fight against MDR bacteria, which remains the greatest challenge in public health care.
外文关键词：multidrug resistance; nanoantibiotics; nanoparticles；combination therapy; bacteriophages
作者：Khan, AA；Manzoor, KN；Sultan, A；Saeed, M；Rafique, M；Noushad, S；Talib, A；Rentschler, S；Deigner, HP
作者单位：Hsch Furtwangen Univ；COMSATS Univ Islamabad；Max Planck Inst Colloids & Interface；Univ Tubingen
期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
期刊影响因子：4.556
出版年份：2021
出版刊次：2
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