中文摘要：随着抗生素的滥用，耐多药细菌的出现和传播已成为一个公共卫生问题，对细菌感染的防治提出了巨大的挑战。噬菌体作为细菌的天敌，重新引起了研究者们的关注。噬菌体疗法被认为是后抗生素时代对抗病原体最有希望的替代策略之一。近年来，遗传与化学工程方法已广泛应用于噬菌体修饰。其中，基因工程方法包括毒素蛋白表达、宿主识别受体修饰和干扰细菌抵抗噬菌体的途径；化学工程方法涉及将噬菌体外壳与抗生素、抗菌肽、重金属离子和光热物质交联。这些进展极大地扩展了噬菌体的宿主范围，提高其杀菌效率，为噬菌体治疗在控制多药耐药病原体中的应用提供了新的思路。本文通过遗传和化学方法对工程噬菌体进行了综述。此外，我们还提出了这一新型抗菌素存在的限制。
外文摘要：Along with the excessive use of antibiotics, the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria has become a public health problem and a great challenge vis-a-vis the control and treatment of bacterial infections. As the natural predators of bacteria, phages have reattracted researchers' attentions. Phage therapy is regarded as one of the most promising alternative strategies to fight pathogens in the post-antibiotic era. Recently, genetic and chemical engineering methods have been applied in phage modification. Among them, genetic engineering includes the expression of toxin proteins, modification of host recognition receptors, and interference of bacterial phage-resistant pathways. Chemical engineering, meanwhile, involves crosslinking phage coats with antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, heavy metal ions, and photothermic matters. Those advances greatly expand the host range of phages and increase their bactericidal efficiency, which sheds light on the application of phage therapy in the control of multidrug-resistant pathogens. This review reports on engineered phages through genetic and chemical approaches. Further, we present the obstacles that this novel antimicrobial has incurred.
外文关键词：phage engineering；multidrug resistance；virulence gene；CRISPR–； Cas system；tail fiber mutant；nanoparticles；phage immobilization
作者：Guo, DM；Chen, JC；Zhao, XY；Luo, YN；Jin, ML；Fan, FX；Park, C；Yang, XM；Sun, CQ；Yan, J；Chen, WH；Liu, Z
作者单位：Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol；Henan Normal Univ；Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent
期刊名称：ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL
期刊影响因子：3.893
出版年份：2021
出版刊次：2
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