中文摘要：本研究旨在探讨无抗生素饲粮中添加噬菌体对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态、屏障功能和肠道菌群的影响。试验期21天，选用120头断奶仔猪，分为4个饲粮处理，每个处理5个栏，每个栏6头仔猪。对照饲粮在基础饲粮中添加25mg/kg喹烯酮和11.25mg/kg金霉素，3个处理饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加200、400和600mg/kg噬菌体。研究发现，添加200mg/kg噬菌体组与对照组的生长性能及血清和肠道组织各项指标均无显著差异；与对照组相比，添加400mg/kg噬菌体提高了断奶仔猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量，降低了料重比和腹泻发生率；提高了空肠和回肠的绒毛高度(VH)，降低空肠和回肠的隐窝深度(CD)，提高十二指肠、空肠和回肠的VH/CD比值；降低了血清白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α含量，提高了血清白细胞介素-10浓度及回肠黏膜分泌免疫球蛋白A 、肠三叶因子和肿瘤生长因子α含量；降低了血清D -乳酸浓度和二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性，提高了空肠ZO-1、Claudin-1、Occludin、TLR2、TLR4、TLR9 mRNA相对表达量和Occludin蛋白相对表达量。但噬菌体添加量提高到600mg/kg时，仔猪生长性能及血清和肠道组织的所有分析参数均未比400mg/kg更好。MiSeq测序分析表明，噬菌体对食糜盲肠菌群的组成具有调控作用，其表现为较高的observed_species、Chao1和ACE丰富度指数，以及厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和内生菌门的相对丰度变化。可见，400mg/kg噬菌体可作为一种促进断奶仔猪生长的替代抗生素。其机制与噬菌体对断奶仔猪肠道炎症、肠道屏障功能和肠道微生物群的积极作用有关。
外文摘要：This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary bacteriophage supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology, barrier function, and intestinal microbiota of weaned piglets fed antibiotic-free diet. A total of 120 weaned piglets were allotted to four dietary treatments with five pens/treatment and six piglets/pen in a 21-d feeding trial. The control diet was supplemented with 25 mg/kg quinocetone and 11.25 mg/kg aureomycin in the basal diet, while the three treatment diets were supplemented with 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg bacteriophage in the basal diet, respectively. There was no difference for growth performance and all measured indices of serum and intestinal tissues between 200 mg/kg bacteriophage group and the control group with antibiotics (P > 0.05). More importantly, compared with the control diet, dietary 400 mg/kg bacteriophage inclusion increased average daily gain and average daily feed intake, and decreased feed/gain ratio and diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets (P < 0.05). Also, piglets fed 400 mg/kg bacteriophage had elevated villi height (VH) in jejunum and ileum, reduced crypt depth (CD) in jejunum and ileum, and elevated VH/CD ratio in duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, piglets fed 400 mg/kg bacteriophage had lower interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and higher interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentration in serum, and higher secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), and tumor growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) content in the ileal mucosa (P < 0.05). Besides, dietary addition with 400 mg/kg bacteriophage decreased the D-lactate concentration and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in serum, and increased the relative mRNA expression of ZO-1, Claudin-1, Occludin, TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9, as well as the relative protein expression of Occludin in the jejunum (P < 0.05). However, the growth performance and all analyzed parameters in serum and intestinal tissues were not further improved when piglets fed 600 vs. 400 mg/kg bacteriophage (P > 0.05). MiSeq sequencing analysis showed that bacteriophage regulated the microbial composition in caecum digesta, as indicated by higher observed_species, Chao1, and ACE richness indices, as well as changes in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Tenericutes (P < 0.05). Collectively, 400 mg/kg bacteriophage can be used as an antibiotics alternative for promoting the growth of weaned piglets. The underlying mechanism is associated with a positive effect of bacteriophage on intestinal inflammation, intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota in weaned piglets.
外文关键词：antibiotic-free diet；bacteriophage；diarrhea incidence；growth performance；gut microbiota；intestinal barrier function；intestinal inflammation
作者：Zeng, YD；Wang, ZR；Zou, TD；Chen, J；Li, GH；Zheng, LZ；Li, S；You, JM
作者单位：Jiangxi Agr Univ
期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
期刊影响因子：2.245
出版年份：2021
出版刊次：8
点击下载：噬菌体作为抗生素的替代品，通过调节肠道炎症、肠道屏障功能和肠道菌群，促进断奶仔猪的生长性能