中文摘要：本研究旨在评估日粮补充丁酸梭菌（CB）和噬菌体混合物（BP）对家兔生长性能、血清生化参数、肠道消化酶和氧化酶、肠道形态、免疫反应和盲肠菌群的影响。选取108只5周龄新西兰兔，随机平均分为3个日粮处理组(每个处理4个重复，n = 36/处理)，连续6周分别饲喂：(1)对照组(CN组)基础日粮； (2) CB组在基础日粮中添加100 mg/kg丁酸梭菌； (3) BP组在基础日粮中添加200 mg/kg BP混合物。与CN日粮相比，添加CB和BP提高了家兔平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI），降低了料重比（F/G）。CB增加了回肠消化酶（α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶）活性；十二指肠和空肠的糜蛋白酶活性也显著增加；补充CB可显著增强空肠和回肠的抗氧化能力（SOD和GSH-Px），降低MDA水平；饲喂CB的兔子绒毛高度（V）和（V/C）比率显著升高，但隐窝深度（C）降低；膳食补充CB显著增加了回肠紧密连接蛋白（occludin、ZO-1和claudin-1）的表达和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）的产生。高通量测序表明，CB和BP改变了兔子肠道菌群。维恩图和热图显示，不同日粮饲喂的家兔肠道菌群组成存在明显差异。具体而言，CB增加了有益细菌的相对丰度，以维持肠道屏障内稳态，而BP降低了γ变形菌的相对丰度，其中包括大量致病细菌。
外文摘要：The objective of this study was to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum (CB) and a bacteriophage cocktail (BP) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal digestive and oxidase enzymes, intestinal morphology, immune responses, and the cecum microbiota in rabbits. In total, 108 New Zealand rabbits (5 weeks old) were randomly and equally allotted into three dietary treatment groups (four replicates per treatment, n = 36/treatment): (1) the control (CN) group-rabbits fed the basal diet; (2) CB group-rabbits fed the basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg diet Clostridium butyricum; and (3) BP group-rabbits fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg diet BP cocktail, respectively, for 6 weeks. Compared with the CN diet, dietary CB and BP inclusion increased the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) and decreased the feed/gain (F/G) ratio of rabbits. Furthermore, CB increased the digestive enzyme activity (alpha-amylase and trypsin in the ileum); the chymotrypsin activity was also significantly increased in the duodenum and jejunum. Supplementation with CB significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity (SOD and GSH-Px) in the jejunum and ileum and reduced MDA levels. Additionally, rabbits fed CB had significantly elevated villus height (V) and (V/C) ratios but reduced crypt depth (C). Moreover, dietary CB supplementation markedly increased the ileal expression of tight junction proteins (occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-1) and increased secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) production. High-throughput sequencing indicated that the microbiota in the rabbit intestine was altered by CB and BP. Venn diagrams and heatmap plots revealed that the gut microbial community composition varied obviously among rabbits fed different diets. Specifically, CB increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria to maintain intestinal barrier homeostasis, whereas BP decreased the relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, which included a plenty of pathogenic bacteria.
外文关键词：antibiotic alternatives；rabbits；growth performance；intestinal morphology；intestinal barrier；caecal microbiota
作者：Huang, P；Cui, XM；Wang, ZP；Xiao, CW；Ji, QA；Wei, Q；Huang, Y；Bao, GL；Liu, Y
作者单位：Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci；Zhejiang Normal Univ
期刊名称：ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL
期刊影响因子：3.893
出版年份：2021
出版刊次：11
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