中文摘要：植物挥发物在吸引某些传粉昆虫以及植食性昆虫对寄主的定位中起着重要的作用。病毒感染会引起植物释放的挥发物改变，从而使植物更容易吸引蚜虫等植食性昆虫作为病毒载体。然而，病毒引起的挥发性产物的改变是否会影响植物-传粉昆虫之间的交互作用还是未知。本研究发现：感染黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）的番茄和拟南芥释放出的挥发物改变了大黄蜂的觅食行为；番茄感染CMV后会释放出吸引大黄蜂的挥发物。作者推测，对野生植物种群中感染病毒的个体传粉服务的增强，可能会为病毒和其易感寄主提供互惠互利。
外文摘要：Plant volatiles play important roles in attraction of certain pollinators and in host location by herbivorous insects. Virus infection induces changes in plant volatile emission profiles, and this can make plants more attractive to insect herbivores, such as aphids, that act as viral vectors. However, it is unknown if virus-induced alterations in volatile production affect plant-pollinator interactions. We found that volatiles emitted by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Arabidopsis thaliana plants altered the foraging behaviour of bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). Virus-induced quantitative and qualitative changes in blends of volatile organic compounds emitted by tomato plants were identified by gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry. Experiments with a CMV mutant unable to express the 2b RNA silencing suppressor protein and with Arabidopsis silencing mutants implicate microRNAs in regulating emission of pollinator-perceivable volatiles. In tomato, CMV infection made plants emit volatiles attractive to bumblebees. Bumblebees pollinate tomato by 'buzzing' (sonicating) the flowers, which releases pollen and enhances self-fertilization and seed production as well as pollen export. Without buzz-pollination, CMV infection decreased seed yield, but when flowers of mock-inoculated and CMV-infected plants were buzz-pollinated, the increased seed yield for CMV-infected plants was similar to that for mock-inoculated plants. Increased pollinator preference can potentially increase plant reproductive success in two ways: i) as female parents, by increasing the probability that ovules are fertilized; ii) as male parents, by increasing pollen export. Mathematical modeling suggested that over a wide range of conditions in the wild, these increases to the number of offspring of infected susceptible plants resulting from increased pollinator preference could outweigh underlying strong selection pressures favoring pathogen resistance, allowing genes for disease susceptibility to persist in plant populations. We speculate that enhanced pollinator service for infected individuals in wild plant populations might provide mutual benefits to the virus and its susceptible hosts.
作者：SC Groen，S Jiang，AM Murphy，NJ Cunniffe，JH Westwood，等
作者单位：英国剑桥大学
期刊名称：Plos Pathogens
期刊影响因子：3.057
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：8
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