中文摘要：包括葡萄扇叶病毒（GFLV）在内的许多植物病毒在全球分布范围广泛，每年可造成数十亿元的作物生产损失，但针对这些病毒的解决方法通常比较有限或效率较低。本文研究确定了一种专门针对GFLV的纳米抗体，该抗体可在模式植物本氏烟草和葡萄砧木中稳定表达，使这些病毒的天然宿主具有较强的GFLV抗性。研究表明，这种抗性对GFLV分离菌株比较有效，且不依赖于线虫传播等接种方法，但对GFLV近亲属南芥菜花叶病毒无效。研究还发现，病毒中和发生在病毒生命周期的早期阶段，在细胞与细胞间的移动之前。本研究结果不仅有助于使葡萄树获得GFLV抗性，而且更重要的是为寻找新的基于Nbs的植物抗病毒策略铺平了道路。
外文摘要：Since their discovery, single-domain antigen-binding fragments of camelid-derived heavy-chain-only antibodies, also known as nanobodies (Nbs), have proven to be of outstanding interest as therapeutics against human diseases and pathogens including viruses, but their use against phytopathogens remains limited. Many plant viruses including Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), a nematode-transmitted icosahedral virus and causal agent of fanleaf degenerative disease, have worldwide distribution and huge burden on crop yields representing billions of US dollars of losses annually, yet solutions to combat these viruses are often limited or inefficient. Here, we identified a Nb specific to GFLV that confers strong resistance to GFLV upon stable expression in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana and also in grapevine rootstock, the natural host of the virus. We showed that resistance was effective against a broad range of GFLV isolates independently of the inoculation method including upon nematode transmission but not against its close relative, Arabis mosaic virus. We also demonstrated that virus neutralization occurs at an early step of the virus life cycle, prior to cell-to-cell movement. Our findings will not only be instrumental to confer resistance to GFLV in grapevine, but more generally they pave the way for the generation of novel antiviral strategies in plants based on Nbs.
外文关键词：nanobodies; plant virus; transgenic plant; grapevine; nepovirus; single-chain antibodies; GMO
作者：Hemmer, Caroline; Djennane, Samia; Ackerer, Lea; 等
作者单位：法国斯特拉斯堡大学
期刊名称：PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
期刊影响因子：7.443
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：2
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