中文摘要：昆虫内共生体（以下称共生体）可以通过改变载体的生理学或行为来修饰植物病毒的流行病学，但它们在非持久性病毒病理系统中的作用仍未得到研究。与繁殖型和循环型病毒不同，非持久性植物病毒传播是通过短暂的口器污染发生的，在共生体和病毒间不太可能发生直接的交互作用。当载体在取食韧皮部之前评估潜在的寄主植物质量时，会利用口器进行试探性的胞内刺吸，非持久性病毒传播会在这个过程中发生。因此，我们利用刺吸电位技术（EPG）评估了两种兼性胞内共生体存在和不存在时豇豆蚜虫黑豆蚜（葫芦科病毒的重要载体）的植物探索。研究发现，病毒通过操控它们的载体来提高采集-传播率，而不受共生体感染的影响。结果表明，兼性共生体差异影响植物-寄主的探索行为以及潜在的由载体传播的非持久性病毒。
外文摘要：Insect endosymbionts (hereafter, symbionts) can modify plant virus epidemiology by changing the physiology or behavior of vectors, but their role in nonpersistent virus pathosystems remains uninvestigated. Unlike propagative and circulative viruses, nonpersistent plant virus transmission occurs via transient contamination of mouthparts, making direct interaction between symbiont and virus unlikely. Nonpersistent virus transmission occurs during exploratory intracellular punctures with styletiform mouthparts when vectors assess potential host-plant quality prior to phloem feeding. Therefore, we used an electrical penetration graph (EPG) to evaluate plant probing of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, an important vector of cucurbit viruses, in the presence and absence of two facultative, intracellular symbionts. We tested four isolines of A. craccivora: two isolines were from a clone from black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), one infected with Arsenophonus sp. and one cured, and two derived from a clone from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), one infected with Hamiltonella defensa and one cured. We quantified exploratory intracellular punctures, indicated by a waveform potential drop recorded by the EPG, initiation speed and frequency within the initial 15 min on healthy and watermelon mosaic virus-infected pumpkins. Symbiont associations differentially modified exploratory intracellular puncture frequency by aphids, with H. defensa-infected aphids exhibiting depressed probing, and Arsenophonus-infected aphids an increased frequency of probing. Further, there was greater overall aphid probing on virus-infected plants, suggesting that viruses manipulate their vectors to enhance acquisition-transmission rates, independent of symbiont infection. These results suggest facultative symbionts differentially affect plant-host exploration behaviors and potentially nonpersistent virus transmission by vectors.
外文关键词：Nonpersistent virus transmission; Aphis craccivora; Arsenophonus; Hamiltonella defensa; Watermelon mosaic virus; Endosymbionts
作者：Angelella, G.; Nalam, V.; Nachappa, P.; 等
作者单位：普渡大学
期刊名称：MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
期刊影响因子：3.614
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：8
点击下载：内共生体差异改变非持久性植物病毒载体的探索性探测行为