中文摘要：非编码RNA在许多生物体基因表达和发育的表观遗传调节过程中发挥重要作用。在真核生物中发现了三种小的非编码RNA，分别是小干扰RNA（siRNA）、微小RNA（miRNA）和piwi相互作用RNA（piRNA）。源自感染病毒的小RNA（sRNA）被称为病毒衍生的小干扰RNA（vsiRNA），负责植物中的RNA沉默。然而，病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）主要依赖于RNA沉默（RNAi）。有趣的是，在病毒感染期间，RNA沉默发生在植物和昆虫中。水稻草矮病毒（RGSV）是纤细病毒属的成员。虽然，关于RGSV方面的研究工作不多，但这种病毒已经变得非常具有破坏性，影响了许多亚洲国家特别是中国的水稻作物。这篇综述强调了水稻病毒的生物学和沉默抑制因子。这项研究工作将有助于植物病毒学家了解vsiRNAs机制在水稻病毒尤其是RGSV中的作用。
外文摘要：Noncoding RNAs play essential functions during epigenetic regulation of gene expression and development in numerous organisms. Three type of small noncoding RNAs found in eukaryotes, which are small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Small RNAs (sRNAs) originated from infecting viruses are known as virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs), are responsible for RNA silencing in plants. However, Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is mainly dependent on RNA silencing (RNAi). Interestingly, RNA silencing happens in plants and insects during viral infections. VsiRNAs originate from dsRNA molecules which further require hosts Dicer-like (DCL) proteins, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) proteins, and Argonaute (AGO) proteins. RdRP uses ssRNA for complete RNA amplification process as well as DCL dependent secondary vsiRNA formation. Viral Suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) interfere with the movement of signals during silencing mechanism. Moreover, intercellular movement of viruses is facilitated by virus-encoded movement proteins. Proteomic and Transcriptomic mechanisms regulated by specific factors like microRNAs, which has become an essential factor of gene regulation. RNAi is also involved in gene suppression by regulating the transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression in many eukaryotes. Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) is a member of genus Tenuivirus. Although, there is no much work done on RGSV, but this virus has become very potent and destructive, and effects rice crop in many Asian countries, particularly in China. In this review, we have highlighted the rice viruses' biology and silencing suppressors. This work will be helpful for plant virologists in understanding the role of vsiRNAs mechanism in rice viruses especially RGSV.
外文关键词：Noncoding RNAs; Movement proteins; Gene silencing; Virus-induced small interfering RNA; RNA silencing pathway
作者：Arif, Muhammad; Ul Islam, Saif; Adnan, Muhammad; 等
作者单位：福建农林大学
期刊名称：MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
期刊影响因子：2.581
出版年份：2018
出版刊次：12
点击下载：水稻病毒尤其是水稻草矮病毒中病毒衍生的小干扰RNA基因沉默/抑制的研究进展