中文摘要：南瓜黄色矮化失调病毒（CYSDV）是于2006年秋天在美国西南部沙漠甜瓜（香瓜）生产区发现的。该病毒通过甘薯粉虱（B型烟粉虱）的有效传播已在该地区成功建立侵染。为了评估该病毒的传播和建立情况，本文于2007-2009年调查了加利福尼亚帝王谷春秋季种植瓜类的所有农田，并对代表性植株CYSDV的感染情况进行了检测。研究发现，2007年春季香瓜田里CYSDV的发生率一开始很低，且仅限于很少的一部分田里，但到2009年春季时发生率已上升到63%；秋季香瓜田里CYSDV的发生率每年都为100%。这些结果表明，该病毒已在本土植物、杂草和其他作物上建立了侵染，且对美国西南部甜瓜生产的威胁越来越严重。因此，本研究筛选了部分生长在帝王谷的杂草和作物进行CYSDV寄主评估，以确定每种寄主积累CYSDV的能力、来源植物的病毒滴度和烟粉虱传播之间的关系及感染病毒的瓜类作物上病毒的积累。本研究结果表明，寄主植物是介体昆虫将病毒传播到作物上的病毒来源储存库，多种因素影响其作为病毒来源储存库的效能。
外文摘要：Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) was identified in the melon (Cucumis melo) production regions of the desert southwestern United States in fall 2006. It is now well established in the region, where it is transmitted efficiently by the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype B (MEAM1). In order to evaluate the spread and establishment of the virus, nearly all spring and fall cucurbit fields planted in the Imperial Valley of California from 2007 to 2009 were surveyed and representative plants were tested for CYSDV infection. Incidence of CYSDV in spring melon fields was initially low and limited to a small number of fields in 2007 but increased to 63% of fields by spring 2009. Virus incidence in fall melon fields was 100% in each year. These results suggested that the virus had become established in native vegetation, weeds, and other crop species, and represented an increasing threat to melon production in the southwestern United States. Therefore, a select set of weed and crop species which grow or are cultivated in the Imperial Valley were evaluated as CYSDV reservoir hosts. For each species, we determined the capacity of CYSDV to accumulate, the relationship between virus titer in these source plants and transmission by whiteflies, as well as subsequent accumulation in inoculated cucurbit plants. Among these hosts, there was considerable variation in virus accumulation and transmission rates. Cucurbit hosts had the highest CYSDV titers, were efficient sources for virus acquisition, and showed a positive correlation between titer in source plants and transmission. Noncucurbit hosts had significantly lower CYSDV titers and varied in their capacity to serve as sources for transmission. CYSDV titers in some noncucurbit source plants, specifically common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), were not positively correlated with transmission, demonstrating that additional environmental, physical, or biochemical factors were involved. These results demonstrate that multiple factors influence the efficiency with which a host plant species will be a reservoir for vector transmission of virus to crops.
作者：Wintermantel, William M.；Gilbertson, Robert L.；McCreight, James D.；等
作者单位：美国农业部研究所
期刊名称：PLANT DISEASE
期刊影响因子：3.192
出版年份：2016
出版刊次：1
点击下载：南瓜黄色矮化失调病毒（CYSDV）的病毒滴度和烟粉虱传播间的寄主专一性关系研究